不得不说-2016年清华大学考博英语真题申请考博流程
2016年清华考博英语真题回忆版
一、单选（40题，0.5分/题，共20分）
1--20 近义词
21--40 填空
二、完型（20题，0.5分/题，共10分）
以下是拼凑的中文版，网上没找到英文原版。
英国有种迷信说法是不能在梯子下走过，这样会很不吉利。
黑猫作为一个不吉利的凶兆在不少国家都是有人相信的，因为黑猫总和巫术联系在一起。那为什么有的地方黑猫会象征好运呢?英国部分人相信黑猫从你身边走过象征好运，可能是因为象征厄运的黑猫从你身边走过什么都没做，所以坏运气就这样过去了，好运气就要来了的原因。
英国人认为13是一个不吉利的数字，特别是13号又是星期五时，人们更是要处处谨慎。
尽管英国的差天气，常常需要备一把伞，但是，千万不要在屋内打伞，因为，在英国，这种行为被认为会给主人带来霉运。
许多英国人认为敲木头可以避免坏运气并带来好运气。特别是在过早预计完美的结果或下结论时，人们不愿见到事与愿为的结果。因此在觉着哪些话说出不妥时，就马上敲一下木头。例如：“我的身体非常健康，从来都不生病。”话一说完马上先敲两下桌子并马上说：“Touch wood"。
英国人认为，打碎镜子将会给当事人带来长达7年的霉运。这是因为古人认为镜子是神使用的工具，也有人说因为镜子可以预见未来。
三、阅读（4篇文章，5题/篇，2分/题，共40分）
第一篇：有关水产的养殖
第二篇：忘了
第三篇：摩天大楼与环境
In the late 1960's, many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized. Ecologists pointed out that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lot capacities.
Skyscrapers are also lavish consumers and wasters of electric power. In one recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120,000 kilowatts—enough to supply the entire city of Albany,
New York, for a day.
Glass-walled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The heat loss(or gain) through a wall of half-inch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical masonry wall filled with insulation board. To lessen the strain on heating and air-conditioning equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use double-glazed panels of glass I and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce glare as well as heat gain. However, mirror-walled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings.
Skyscrapers put a severe strain on a city's sanitation(卫生) facilities, too. If fully occupied, the two(former) World Trade Center towers in New York City would alone generate 2.25 million gallons of raw sewage(污物) each year—as much as a city the size of Stamford, Connecticut, which has a population of more than 109,000. Skyscrapers also interfere with television reception, block bird flyways, and obstruct air traffic. In Boston in the late 1960's some people even feared that shadows from skyscrapers would kill the grass.
Still, people continue to build skyscrapers for all the reasons that they always have to build them—personal ambition, civic pride, and the desire of owners to have the largest possible amount of rentable space.
第四篇：演讲的重要性和各种用途，不可替代
四、翻译
“When you open the window, both fresh air and flies come in,” said Deng Xiaoping, describing the good and bad consequences of the opening of China’s economy. Most people see economic growth and rising incomes as desirable, but they have their disadvantages. Families break apart, as young people move to the cities. Jobs become more insecure if the labour market is liberalised. Rising inequality may upset even those who are becoming richer. Small wonder, perhaps, that the satisfaction ordinary Chinese expressed with their lot fell at the start of the economic boom sparked by Deng’s reforms, before rising again as growth accelerated. So, at any rate, concluded a study published in 2012 by Richard Easterlin of the University of Southern California and colleagues.
Mr Easterlin is best known for a hotly contested paper published in 1974, which argued that rising incomes do not make people happier. Ever since, in spite of the obvious benefits, economists have debated whether getting richer is all it’s cracked up to be. The most comprehensive study, published in 2012, looked at a range of countries over time, and concluded that there is a positive relationship between income growth and satisfaction.
One way to answer questions about causality is to look at evidence from randomised trials. Lotteries randomly allocate extra wealth, and so could serve as a focus of study, but in most countries only a small proportion of people buy tickets. The behaviour of those having a flutter may not be typical of people in general, skewing the results.
（来源：December 21, 2015 From the economist print edition）
五、作文（20分，200字）
根据以下内容写一篇不少于200字的文章。（2016.1.13 Chinadaily 外交部新闻发言人洪磊的答记者问）
Q: Japanese Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga told the press on January 12 that if a foreign naval vessel transits Japanese waters for purposes other than "innocent passage", they will order a naval patrol to deal with it. Some Japanese media believe that this is a new policy by the Japanese government to cope with Chinese naval vessels sailing near Diaoyu Dao. What is your comment? 问：据报道，日本内阁官房长官菅义伟在12日的记者会上称，将对进入日本领海不符合“无害通过”的外国军舰采取海上警备应对行动。有日本媒体认为，这是日政府制定的应对中国军舰进入钓鱼岛的新方针。中方有何评论？
A: I have made our position clear yesterday. The Chinese side has the right to carry out normal navigation and patrol in territorial waters of Diaoyu Dao. We advise the Japanese side not to take any provocative actions and ratchet up tension. Otherwise, they will face all the consequences. 答：昨天我已就此表明了立场。中方有权在钓鱼岛领海正常航行和开展巡逻活动。我们奉劝日方不要采取任何挑衅或导致事态升级的行动。否则，一切后果自负。
育明教育姜老师解析：
清华大学五道口金融学院考博形式主要是三种，1、9月份的夏令营，这个咱们不讲解，大家可以看看招生简章，符合条件的可以去申请，2、普博项目，就是上面给大家列出的流程，也就是咱们理解的全日制考博，3、联合培养项目，这就是很多考生不是很了解的在职博士项目。大家都知道考研分全日制在职，但是对于考博也有在职博士，但是大部分的学校在职博士名额很少，基本是总人数的10%-30%，而且第一年一般都要求全脱产，所以不是真正意义上的在职，但五道口的联合培养是在职博士，招的人也在15左右，但是难度也比较大。自2016年形式改革，以后大的趋势也会是申请考核制，对考生资料准备以及论文学术水平要求较高，我们育明教育从2006年开始做考研考博辅导，针对专业课英语都有一对一的讲解，而且也可以指导考生发表论文，详细情况大家可以咨询我。
